Ukraine
National University of Kharkiv
National University of Kharkiv
Freedom Square
Ukraine
Freedom Square
National University of Kharkiv нь Украйн улсад байрладаг их сургууль бөгөөд 1805 онд байгуулагдсан.
Элсэлт, хөтөлбөр, төлбөрийн дэлгэрэнгүй мэдээллийг сургуулийн албан ёсны вэб хуудаснаас шалгана уу.
The V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University (Ukrainian: Харківський національний університет імені В.Н. Каразіна, romanized: Kharkivskyi natsionalnyi universytet imeni V.N. Karazina), also known as Kharkiv National University or Karazin University, is a public university in Kharkiv, Ukraine. It was founded in 1804 through the efforts of Vasily Karazin, becoming the second oldest university, and the oldest continuously operating one, in modern-day Ukraine.
During the Russian invasion of Ukraine, all buildings of the university were partially or fully destroyed by attacks from Russian forces.
On 29 January [O.S. 17 January] 1805, the Decree on the Opening of the Imperial University in Kharkov came into force. The university became the second university in the south of the Russian Empire. It was founded on the initiative of the local community with Vasily Karazin at the fore, whose idea was supported by the nobility and the local authorities. Count Seweryn Potocki was appointed the first supervisor of the university, the first rector being the philologist and philosopher Ivan Rizhsky.
In 1811, the Philotechnical Society was founded, while the Mathematical Society of Kharkov, the Historical and Philological Society of Kharkiv, the Naturalists Society, Societies of Physics, Chemistry, Law, among others, were established in the second half of the 19th century. The first periodicals in Slobozhanshchyna appear in the university around this time, including Kharkovski Ezhenedelnik (1812), Ukrainski Vestnik (1816–1819), Ukrainski Zhurnal (1824–1825), etc.
In 1839, a veterinary school, which in 1851 became an independent institute, was established at the university. By this time, the campus included laboratories, clinics, an astronomical observatory, a botanical garden and a library.
Previously, the university was autonomous with rectors being elected. However, from 1820 to 1850, all its activity was strictly controlled. Rectors were appointed by the Minister of Education, while scientific publications, and academic processes were censored. In 1863, under a new Statute, the university became partly autonomous.
The university has been publishing Scientific Notes since 1874.
From the 19th century up to the early 20th century, the University of Kharkiv had four schools: School of Physics and Mathematics, School of History and Philology, School of Medicine, School of Law. During the late 19th and early 20th centuries new faculty buildings and dormitories were erected with the support of sugar industrialist I. Kharytonenko.
From 1917 to 1920, there was a struggle between advocates of the Ukrainian statehood and Russian course at the university. Some of the professors who opposed new political realities left. Most of the Ukrainian professors remained in Kharkiv. They continued working in the institutions founded by the Soviet government: the Academy of Theoretical Knowledge (1920–1921), Kharkiv Institute of Public Education (KhIPE, 1921–1930), Kharkiv Institute of National Economy, Institute of Physics and Chemistry, and Institute of Law. Kharkiv State University, consisting of seven schools — School of Physics and Mathematics, School of Chemistry, School of Biology, School of Geology and Geography, School of Literature and Linguistics (with Department of Philosophy), and School of Economy (with Department of Economic Geography) — was restored on their basis in 1932–1933.
During the early period of its existence between 1805 and 1835, the university exerted great influence on educational development in Slobozhanshchyna. Its printing press, which was established simultaneously with the institution's foundation in 1804, played a big role in the development of Ukrainian literature, serving as the centre of Kharkiv Romantic School. It produced many notable publications, including Izmail Sreznevsky's Zaporozhian Antiquities (1833-1838), Ivan Kotliarevsky's Natalka Poltavka (1838), The Muscovite Sorcerer (1841) and Eneida (1842), as well as works by Hryhoriy Kvitka-Osnovianenko, Petro Hulak-Artemovsky and other authors.
The university played a major role in the Ukrainian national revival, producing ethnographic studies of Ukrainian lands and contributing to the development of Ukrainian literature and theatre. Its students formed a number of Ukrainian hromadas, and part of its professors argued against government limitations in respect to Ukrainian language. Among honorary doctors of the university were Mykhailo Hrushevsky, Ivan Franko and Olexandra Yefymenko. In 1907 the university started organizing lectures on topics of folklore, history of Ukraine and linguistics in the Ukrainian language.
Under the Soviet Union, the University of Kharkiv was decorated the Order of the Red Banner of Labour, the Order of the October Revolution and the Order of Peoples' Friendship.
Kharkiv National University holds the second place in Ukraine in volume of publications and citations in scientific database Scopus and the Hirsch index, with the best academic results in the School of Medicine and School of Biology.
In 2017, according to QS World University Rankings, it is the best university in Ukraine and ranks as 382th university in the world.
Also, in 2021, according to THE World University Rankings, it is the best university in Ukraine and ranks as 477th university in the world.
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Улс: Ukraine
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Төрөл: Их сургууль