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The University of Pécs (Hungarian: Pécsi Tudományegyetem [ˈpeːt͡ʃi ˈtudomaːɲɛɟɛtɛm], PTE; Latin: Universitas Quinqueecclesiensis) is one of the largest higher education institutions in Hungary. The history of the university began in the Middle Ages, when in 1367, at the request of King Louis I the Great, Pope Urban V granted permission to found the institution. This made it the first university in Hungary and the fourth in Central Europe.

The modern university is the official successor of the Elisabeth University of Pozsony (Bratislava), founded in 1912. In 1921, after Bratislava became part of Czechoslovakia, the university was moved to Pécs in 1951, the Faculty of Medicine separated and existed as an independent institution, until it merged with the Janus Pannonius University (Hungarian: Janus Pannonius Tudományegyetem) in 2000, which united the other faculties in Pécs. This is how the current University of Pécs was created.

Approximately 25,000 students attend the university at the moment, 5,700 of whom are international students enrolled in English or German courses. As a result, it ranks among the universities in the nation with the most students. The institution supports students' academic growth through a number of clinics and research institutes in addition to its ten faculties. According to the Quacquarelli Symonds European regional university ranking the University of Pécs was ranked the 292nd best higher education institutions on the continent. In addition, in the categories of learning experience and international student diversity, the University of Pécs once again ranked as the best Hungarian university.

History

Medieval university (1367–c. 1390)

The medieval university of Pécs was founded in 1367 as the last in the first wave of Central European university foundations. (The first three universities in the region: Prague (1348), Krakow (1364), Vienna (1365).) Historical public consciousness considers Louis the Great as the founder of the university, but the king's role in the foundation can be considered formal, as part of the Holy See procedure. The operation of the University of Pécs was authorized on September 1, 1367 in a bull by Pope Urban V, at the request of King Louis the Great of Hungary. The true spiritual father of the first Hungarian university was the contemporary bishop of Pécs, William of Koppenbach, who, in addition to his ecclesiastical office (1361–1374), was royal chaplain and secret chancellor, one of Louis the Great's important diplomats and confidants. The University of Pécs was primarily intended for the proper teaching of church law and the Latin language, so that the Hungarian students of the time did not have to travel abroad if they wanted to attend university. In Pécs, the faculty of humanities and law can be taken for granted, so the medieval university was truncated. The Pope did not allow the establishment of the Faculty of Theology. Very few written documents have survived about the medieval University of Pécs, and we hardly know anything about its functioning. We know a total of four teachers and seven students by name who can be proven to have taught or studied at the university. The most famous medieval professor in Pécs was the Italian Galvano di Bologna, who stayed in Pécs between 1372 and 1374. The second and last chancellor of the university was Bishop Bálint Alsáni of Pécs (later Cardinal) (1374–1408). The university was fundamentally linked to the person of Vilmos Bishop, and then began to decline after his death, finally ending sometime around 1390, it was almost certainly not functioning when the University of Óbuda was founded in 1395. The modern Pécs University is not legally continuous with its medieval predecessor, we can only speak of an intellectual heritage. After that, university-level education did not exist in the city until the beginning of the 20th century, but the renowned and high-quality chapter school continued to exist. The supposed building of the medieval university in Pécs was excavated between 1978 and 1998 in the bishop's castle, east of the Golden Mary chapel, in the immediate vicinity of the Pécs Cathedral, on its north side. The definition of the building is disputed, many researchers do not agree that the medieval studium generale operated in the building. In 2015, a permanent university history exhibition was opened in the restored building, with important medieval Gothic sculptural monuments.

Education and research

As part of the European higher education system, UP follows the Bologna process and offers a three-tier system that includes doctoral level programs (PhD, DLA), master level programs (MA, MSc) that last two to four semesters, and bachelor level programs (BA, BSc) that last six to eight semesters. The university also provides one-tier, undivided, five- to six-year master's degree programs in engineering, medicine, law, and the arts. Additionally, interested students can participate in short programs like summer universities, preparation courses, and partial trainings.

The Szentágothai Research Centre of the University of Pécs is a research institute established on the basis of modern international science organizational and management normatives. The Technology Transfer Office has been at the disposal of researchers, students and business partners. In order to effectively operate and develop the research infrastructure, research support laboratories have been established, which carry significant scientific and innovation potential and collaboration opportunities. More than 200 researchers from 19 research groups work in the institution, and several associated members and centers are also part of the professional community. Since September 2020, two National Laboratories have also been housed in the Pécs research center: the National Laboratory of Virology and the National Laboratory on Human Reproduction. In 2022, two more National Laboratories were established under the leadership of the University of Pécs: the National Laboratory for Renewable Energy and the National Laboratory for Translational Neuroscience.

The South Transdanubian Regional Library and Knowledge Center also belongs to the university. The former city and county library and the University Library and Knowledge Center of the University of Pécs, as well as the university's Law and Economics Library, moved into the thirteen thousand square meter, four-story building. The building has two 200-seat lecture halls and a conference room, as well as research rooms and Internet workstations. The library is open 84 hours a week, every day from eight in the morning to eight in the evening, even on Saturdays and Sundays. Free Wi-Fi is available everywhere in the building, and almost 300 computers are available to readers. The institution is also suitable for organizing community, cultural and leisure programs. The library welcomes readers from October 25, 2010. In November 2015, the library had 25,000 registered readers. The designer of the building is Balázs Mihály Kossuth award-winning and Prima Primissima award-winning architect.

Faculties

Faculty of Business and Economics

The Faculty of Business and Economics of the university of Pécs was established in 1970 and its mission has always been to cultivate, impart and teach business sciences based on a broad theoretical, methodological and social science base. In September 1970, 103 first-year students began their studies at the Pécs Branch of the Karl Marx University of Economics under the direction of István Hoóz, Professor and Head of the Faculty. In the first "experimental" years, the institution gained experience in the training of economists suitable for corporate jobs, including the development of national and international academic contacts. This was the starting point for what later became known as the "Pécs model". Pécs is the second oldest and the first non-Budapest faculty of economics in Hungary, and in the latter capacity it served to some extent as a model for the later establishment of rural faculties of economics and management. Since the second half of the 1970s, the faculty has been moving with great momentum towards meeting the needs of the corporate and business sectors. The faculty celebrated the 50th anniversary of the start of economics education in Pécs in 2020.

The 1980s saw a significant improvement in the material conditions for education and scientific research. Correspondence courses were introduced, more and more foreign students were studying at the faculty, and the period also saw the start of postgraduate programmes. The development of the faculty's relations with other countries was also given considerable emphasis. A number of its faculty benefited from grants, training and research opportunities abroad funded by the Soros programme among others, and it became somewhat easier for students to gain work experience abroad.

The 90s saw the introduction of the two-tier degree programme and the launch of the MBA programme. During this period, two international partnerships were established which are still a major force in the life of the faculty (Ohio University and Middlesex University) and, more generally, a number of international cooperation initiatives (contacts, conferences, etc.) were undertaken. It was during this period that the faculty obtained its first accreditation, which took place in 1995/96, with an "excellent" rating. The decade also saw the launch of the first part-time Masters programme, the development and implementation of an English-language programme (BA then MSc), which started in 1996 as a result of a collaboration between Middlesex University Business School and PTE. The wide range of courses was completed by the launch of a doctoral programme and the development of a habilitation scheme. Other new educational programmes include the launch of the English-language Master's and Doctoral programmes, the German-language distance learning programme at the University of Hagen, the sandwich course in economics, the specialized translator training, the final accreditation of the two Doctoral Schools, and the introduction of a college course in Szekszárd. In addition to education, the infrastructure has also been improved with the reconstruction of the building complex on Rákóczi Road, 48 Square. The institution was selected by the French Eduniversal as one of the world's top 1,000 business schools. In 2020, the Business Administration and Management course at the faculty achieved EFMD EPAS international programme accreditation.

Clinical Centers

Today, the Clinical Center is also an integral part of the University of Pécs. It is one of the largest healthcare providers in Hungary, whose main activities are education and research in addition to treatment.

The Clinical Center is made up of several smaller units (clinics and institutes):

Dormitories

In Pécs

Boszorkány College (7624 Pécs, Boszorkány street 2.)

Hunyor guest house and student hostel (7624 Pécs, Jurisics Miklós street 16.)

László Szalay College (Univ) (7622 Pécs, Breuer Marcell pedány 2.)

Szántó College (7633 Pécs, Szántó Kovács János street 1/d)

Jakabhegyi College (7635 Pécs, Jakabhegyi street 8.)

Damjanich College (7624 Pécs, 30 Damjanich street)

Laterum college (7633 Pécs, Hajnóczy út 37–39.)

In other settlements

College of Cultural Studies, Teacher Training and Rural Development Faculty (7100, Szekszárd, Mátyás király street 3.)

ETK Kaposvár College (7400 Kaposvár, Szent Imre street 14/b)

ETK Szombathely College (9700 Szombathely, Jókai Mór street 14.)

ETK Zalaegerszeg College (Zalaegerszeg, Landorhegyi street 23, 33)

Notable alumni

• László Lénárd, neuroscientist, member of the Hungarian Academy of Sciences
• Ferenc Győri, ultramarathon runner, geographer, and university lecturer
• Ferenc Gyurcsány, Prime Minister of Hungary from 2004 to 2009, leader of the Democratic Coalition
• Ante Starčević, Croatian politician and writer, founder of the Party of Rights
• László Sólyom, President of Hungary from 2005 until 2010, president of the Constitutional Court from 1990 to 1998
• Csilla Hegedüs, former Deputy Prime Minister of Romania
• Márta Mátrai, First Officer of the National Assembly of Hungary
• Bertalan Tóth, lawyer and former leader of the Hungarian Socialist Party
• Zsolt Páva, Mayor of Pécs between 2009 and 2019

Dezső Németh, psychologist and cognitive neuroscientist at INSERM, research team leader in Lyon Neuroscience Research Center (CRNL).

• Norbert Pap, geographer–historian, founder of the Balkan Research Group, as well as leader of the Zrinski-Suleiman Research Group
• Sándor Keresztes, diplomat and jurist, former president of the Christian Democratic People's Party
• György Vókó, criminologist, professor of criminology and criminal law, former director of Hungary's National Institute of Criminology
• György Buzsáki, biologist, brain researcher, professor of neuroscience at New York University School of Medicine
• Anna Rudolf, chess player, chess commentator, livestreamer, and YouTuber who holds the titles of International Master and Woman Grandmaster

Эх сурвалж: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0)