National University of Defense Technology

The National University of Defense Technology (NUDT; 中国人民解放军国防科技大学) is a national public research university headquartered in Kaifu, Changsha, Hunan, China. It is affiliated with the Central Military Commission. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction. With the predecessor founded in 1953 as the People's Liberation Army Military Academy of Engineering (中国人民解放军军事工程学院) in Harbin, the institution was officially established in 1978 in Changsha, Hunan.

NUDT was instrumental in the development of the Tianhe-2 supercomputer. In 2017, the university incorporated five military colleges, which are the PLA College of International Relations, the PLA College of National Defense Information, the PLA Xi'an Telecommunication College, the PLA College of Electronic Engineering, and the PLA Science and Engineering University College of Meteorology and Oceanography.

Due to its military nature and lack of public information, NUDT has not been ranked or ranked accurately or adequately. Considered the No.1 military academy in China, NUDT has been consistently called the "Military Tsinghua" (Tsinghua being the highest ranked science and technology-focused university in China). In a 2016 Chinese ranking, NUDT was ranked as one of the only four "Seven Star" universities in China (others include Peking University, Tsinghua University, and the Chinese Academy of Science).

History

On 18 March 1952, as part of the development of the first five-year plan, Acting-Chief-of-Staff Nie Rongzhen and Deputy-Chief-of-Staff Su Yu presented the "Report on the Establishment of the Military Engineering Academy" to the Chairman Mao Zedong and Central Military Commission. Mao officially approved the review on March 26, establishing the project as one of the 156 national projects started under the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party's 1st five-year plan.

Harbin Military Academy of Engineering

On July 11, Chairman Mao Zedong appointed Grand General Chen Geng as the first dean and president. On August 22, the CMC established the Military Academy of Engineering Preparatory Committee, and established an office at No. 59 Gongjian Alley in Beijing on September 1. The preparatory committee composed of Grand General Chen Geng as Committee Chairman, Xu Lixing as Vice Chairman, Li Maozhi, Zhang Yan, Huang Jingwen, Hu Xiangjiu, Zhang Shuzu, Ren Xinmin, Shen Zhenggong, and Zhao Zili. On September 16, 1952, the CMC General Political Department approved the establishment of the Provisional Communist Party Committee within the Preparatory Committee with Grand General Chen Geng as the interim party secretary and consisting of Xu Lixing, Li Maozhi, Zhang Yan, Hu Xiangjiu, and Huang Jingwen. On November 24, the CMC granted final approval for the academy and issued to the entire army "instructions for the transfer of 300 teaching assistants and 1,000 cadets to the Military Engineering Academy." The same day, the preparatory committee submitted a preliminary plan for school building to the Central Military Committee.

On June 3, 1952, CCP Premier Zhou Enlai wrote to the Vice Chairman Nikolai Bulganin of the Council of Ministers of the Soviet Union asking for consultants and experts to help establish the new Military Academy of Engineering. On May 13, 1953, a Soviet advisory group arrived. After the establishment of the institute, more than 300 Soviet experts in various fields participated in the construction of the institute. This relation continued until the breakdown in Sino-Soviet relations in the 1960s. As part of the establishment, the Central Military Commission used volunteers from the 3rd Army Corps, the Second Advanced Infantry School of the Southwest Military Region and the Military Science Research Office of East China Military Region. Upon completion, the training of military science and technology talent was extended to all service branches.

On December 15, 1952, the Central Military Commission approved the establishment of the Military Academy of Engineering Construction Committee. On January 30, 1953, the CMC General Political Department approved the Communist Party Committee of the Academy of Military Engineering. On February 21, 1953, the Central Military Commission placed the Academy of Military Engineering under its direct leadership. On April 25, construction began. On May 15, 1953, Chairman Mao Zedong ordered a limit of 800 maximum graduating students per year. On August 26, 1953, Mao Zedong issued the instructions for the establishment of the Military Academy of Engineering and the first semester, and wrote the registration for it.

Campus

NUDT is located in the urban area of Changsha, capital of Hunan Province in South-Central China, covering a total area of 373 hectares, or 922 acres.

Administration

President: Lt. Gen. Deng Xiaogang, Academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences

Political Commissar: Lt. Gen. Liu Nianguang

Academics

The university consists of 11 colleges administering over 40 departments, institutes and laboratories, four national key laboratories and one key laboratory at the Ministry of Education level.

The 11 colleges of the university include:

• College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
• College of Systems Engineering
• College of Computer Science and Technology
• College of Electronic Engineering
• College of Electronic Science and Technology
• College of Meteorology and Oceanography
• College of Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies
• College of Information and Communication
• College of Intelligence Science and Technology
• College of Aerospace Science and Engineering
• College of International Studies

Statistics

Currently, NUDT has over 2,000 faculty members, over 300 of whom are professors. There are 14,000 full-time students including 8,400 undergraduates and 5,600 graduates. NUDT offers 25 subjects for undergraduates, 112 programs for master's degree candidates, and 69 programs for PhD candidates. 11 post-doctoral research stations have been authorized on campus.

NUDT supercomputers

Yinhe-I (YH-I)

Yinhe-1 was developed in 1983 as the leading supercomputer in China with a performance level of 100 MFLOPS.

Yinhe-II (YH-II)

Yinhe-II was built in 1992 achieving performance of 1 GFLOPS.

Yinhe-III

Yinhe-II was upgraded to Yinhe-III in 1996 which achieves 13 GFLOPS.

Tianhe-I

Tianhe-I was first revealed to the public on 29 October 2009, and was immediately ranked as the world's fifth fastest supercomputer in the TOP500 list released at the 2009 Supercomputing Conference (SC09) held in Portland, Oregon, on 16 November 2009.

Tianhe-IA

In October 2010, Tianhe-IA, an upgraded supercomputer achieving a performance level of 2.57 PFLOPS, was unveiled at HPC 2010 China and ranked as the world's fastest supercomputer in the TOP500 list.

In November 2011, the Tianhe-1A ranked as the second fastest supercomputer in the world on TOP500 after it was surpassed by K Computer by Fujitsu of Japan.

Tianhe-2

Tianhe-2 was the fastest supercomputer in the world from 2013 to 2016, when it was surpassed by the Sunway TaihuLight at the Chinese National Supercomputing Center.

Tianhe-2A

Tianhe-2A is currently ranked as the world's fourth fastest supercomputer on the TOP500 list, having achieved a performance level of 61.44 PFLOPS.

Эх сурвалж: Wikipedia (CC BY-SA 4.0)